On 4 March 2021, Italy decided to block a shipment of the Oxford/AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine that was destined for Australia. This remarkable move, notably made in response to AstraZeneca’s delay in providing the agreed doses of vaccines by the set deadlines, is the first of its kind since the Union introduced rules concerning the possibilities to limit exports of vaccines outside of the EU. Under the EU’s export scheme currently in place, companies are required to receive an explicit export authorization from national authorities where their Covid-19 jabs are produced before exporting them out of the EU. In turn, before adopting a decision on the matter, national authorities are obliged to send the draft measure to the European Commission, which may overturn the authorities’ decision.